How Orangements flourish on a feast and famine without weight gain

The original original monkeys of rainforests in Indonesia and Malaysia are a marvel of adaptation to the fluctuations of food supplies in the wild, according to an international team of researchers led by the new Bronzwek scientist at the University of Rutgers. Scientists have found that endangered skin surpasses modern humans in avoiding obesity through their balanced options of food and exercise.

The researchers told their findings, based on 15 years of direct observations about the wild Urangotan in the Borneo forests, in Science progress.

“These results show how the borians adapt to changes in its environment by controlling their consumption of nutrients, behavior and energy use,” said Irene Vogel, a professor of the term Henry Rutgers in the Anthropology Department at the College of Arts and Science. “The work highlights the importance of understanding natural nutritional patterns and their effect on health, whether for Uranjotans or humans.”

Vogel said Orangeots is one of the closest relatives of the neighborhoods of humans, and they share a common ancestor. This evolutionary relationship means that Orangeots and human beings have similar physiological and ecological processes, nutritional needs and behavioral adaptations. She said that the study of Orangeots can provide an insight into the evolutionary modifications that may also be related to human beings.

Vogel said that humans also show metabolic elasticity, but modern diets are high in processed foods that can disrupt this balance, which leads to metabolic disorders such as diabetes.

Vogel said that humans, especially those who suffer from stable lifestyles, may not adjust their energy expenses to match the amount of calories, which leads to weight gain and associated health issues, especially those who suffer from stable lifestyles, do not mean that humans, especially those who suffer from stable lifestyles, may not adjust their spending on energy to match the amount of calories, which leads to an increase in the number of people Those who suffer from lifestyle, especially those who suffer from lifestyle, does not mean that humans, especially those who suffer from lifestyle, may not adjust energy expenses to match the amount of calories, while orangotans reduce physical activity during low -energy fruits.

“Understanding these amendments can help us learn more about how humans are managed in their meals and health,” Vogel said. “It also highlights the importance of preserving Orangean habitats to ensure their survival.”

The research was conducted at the Tuanan Orangean Research Station in the area of ​​preserving what is in the center of Kalimanan, Indonesia, on the island of Borneo. The preservation area, which is a peat -swamp forest, protects about 764,000 acres, which is almost the size of Rhode Island. Kath forests are a rich biological regulation, ancient environmental systems with landscapes dominated by water trees that grow on layers of dead leaves and plant materials.

Vogel, who is also director of the Center for Human Evolutionary Studies in Rutgers, said that understanding food strategies for food can reach better food practices.

“On its essence, research related to ulrangotan emphasizes the importance of nutritional balance and metabolic flexibility, which is decisive to maintain health in both Orange and Human,” said Vogel. “It indicates that modern eating habits, which are characterized by high consumption of processed foods rich in sugars and fats, can lead to metabolic imbalances and health issues.”

In previous studies, Vogel and an international team of colleagues created the patterns feed on Orangeots. Orangeans prefer eating fruits because they are rich in carbohydrates, but when the fruit is rare, they turn to eating more leaves, bark and other foods that can provide more protein but fewer sugary carbohydrates. In times of high fruits, uranjotan still consumes protein but they get most of their energy from carbohydrates and fats in the fruit.

“We wanted to know how to deal with their bodies these changes,” said Vogel. “We have tested how the availability of fruits affects their diet and how their bodies adapt to avoid energy imbalance.

To conduct the study, Vogel, his colleagues, research, students and employees who mostly included indigenous field technicians on Borneo Island collected data for more than a decade for what Urugumen ate daily and analyzed their urine to know how their bodies respond to any nutritional changes. This requires staying close to the monkey in the wet tropical forest from dawn to night.

Scientists have achieved a number of major results:

• OranGutans avoid obesity as part of responding to large fluctuations – in both size and duration – in the availability of fruits in its natural environment. Unlike humans in Western culture, who have constant access to high -calorie foods, Orangens test periods of abundance and scarcity. Low -calorie and low -calorie periods, similar to the intermittent fasting of humans, may help maintain their health by reducing oxidative stress.
• During periods of fruit scarcity, uranjotians appears metabolic elasticity, and turns into the use of fats in the stored body and muscle protein for energy. This allows them to survive when food is rare.
• During periods of fruit scarcity, uranjotensance shows the ability to behave behavioral adaptation, depends on lower physical activity as well as stored energy and muscles to conserve energy. They rest more, go to sleep early, travel less and spend less time with other Orangeans. This flexibility enables them to use body fat and protein for fuel when needed. They rebuild fat and muscle reserves when the availability of fruits is high.
• The orangotan diet also gives priority to a fixed level of protein, which contradicts a modern Western diet, which is often rich in low -cost foods, density, and protein. These options contribute to obesity and metabolic diseases in humans.

This research depends on a report published earlier this year in The American Journal of Biological AnthropologyLed by a PhD student Will Agodo, as a first author. This study found that the prongotan in Tawanan gets most of their protein from leaves and only one seeds among approximately 200 species in the diet – a diet called Borringa Calicara. Protein in this plant nourishes the prongotan through seasons of fruit scarcity, and it is possible that the mangotans in Twanan will continue to continue and prepare its population.

Among the other scholars in the study were from Rutgers Malcolm Watford, a professor in the Department of Nutrition Sciences, Rutgers College for Environmental and Biological Sciences; A former doctoral student in Rutgers Rebeca Briton, Tatang Mitra-Sitia, Sri Suki Otami from the University of Nacional in Indonesia, graduate students William Agodo, Astri Zulfa and Alysse Moldawer, all of whom are with the Anthropology Department at the School of Arts and Employee. Former postgraduate student Timothy Branford, who also contributed to the study, is now at Ikerc College, Saint Petersburg, Florida.

Researchers from the following institutions also contributed to the study: the Max Planck Institute for Animal Behavior and the University of Constance in Germany; Yale University, Gagilonian University in Krakow, Poland; Cincinnati University; Colorado University of ICCRAD, St. Petersburg, Florida; Universitas Nasional in Jakarta, Indonesia; National Research and Innovation Agency in Sibenong Paul, Indonesia; Zurich University in Switzerland; Hunter College at New York City University; And the University of Sydney in Australia.