Nobel medicine for the third that identified “security guards” in the immune system

The Nobel jury said that the United States of Japan’s trilogy won the Nobel Prize in Medicine to discuss how to keep the immune system under control by identifying “security guards”.

The discoveries of Mary E. Bronko, Farid Ramzel from the United States and Japan Shimon Sakajuchi were decisive to understand how the immune system works and why not all develop serious immunity diseases.

“It is an honor for me. I look forward to Stockholm’s visit in December.” To receive the award personally.

However, the Nobel Committee was unable to reach the United States to break the news personally.

“If I hear this, call me,” said the president of the Nobel Association, Thomas Perlipman, at the press conference announced by the winners.

The three won the research prize that determined the “security guards” in the immune system, which is called organizational T cells.

Their work relates to “peripheral immune tolerance” that prevents the immune system from harming the body, and has led to a new field of research and the development of potential medical treatments that are now evaluated in clinical trials.

The jury said: “Hope is to be able to treat or treat autoimmune diseases, provide more effective cancer treatments and prevent serious complications after stem cell transplants.”

Sakajui achieved the first major discovery in 1995.

At that time, many researchers were convinced that immune tolerance developed only due to the elimination of harmful immune cells that are disposed of in the thymus gland, through a process called “central tolerance”.

Sakajucci, 74, showed that the immune system is more complicated and discovered an unknown category of immune cells, which protects the body from autoimmune diseases.

Branco, born in 1961 and director of a senior project at the Institute of Systems Biology in Seattle, and Rmseld, the 64 -year -old consultant in Sonoma for biological treatment in San Francisco, made another major discovery in 2001, when they were able to explain the reason for some mice in particular to the damage of the autonomous mechanism.

“They discovered that mice have a boom in a gene called Foxp3,” the jury said.

“They also showed that the mutations in the human reward for this gene caused serious autoimmune disease, Ipex.”

Two years later, Sakajucci was able to link these discoveries.

The trio will receive his prize – a diploma and a gold medal and $ 1.2 million divides three roads – at an official ceremony in Stockholm on December 10.

Researchers from major American institutions usually dominate the Nobel Awards for Science, due to the long -term investment of the United States in basic sciences and academic freedoms.

But this may change to the bottom of the line after discounts in the huge American budget for science programs announced by President Donald Trump.

Since January, the National Institutes of US Health (NIH) has completed 2100 research grants, totaling about $ 9.5 billion and $ 2.6 billion in contracts, according to an independent database called Grant Watch.

“There is no coincidence that the United States has a large -end Nobel.”

“But there is now a creeping feeling of uncertainty about the United States’s readiness to maintain their main position in the research,” he said.

Trump at the same time did not hide the fact that he wanted to win the Nobel Prize himself – the Peace Prize.

However, Nobel experts said that the “first America” ​​policies and its exciting style do not give him a great opportunity.

“It is completely unimaginable,” said Ovind Steinersen, the historian who conducted research and participated in writing a book on the award.

He said: “(Trump) is the opposite of the ideals represented by the Nobel Prize,” noting “multilateral cooperation” as an example.

Trump “follows his way, unilaterally.”

Sudan networks of response rooms for emergency situations in Sudan (ERR) helps people survive of war and famine – are seen as possible competition this year, as well as media monitoring is the Committee for the Protection of Journalists and Correspondents without borders, and Yulia Navalnaya, the widow of the Criterian Critic Alexii Navalny.